Some Basic Networking Commands : Linux/Windows

I this post i am gonna write about some basic Networking commands used in Windows/Linux that i found important.

• Display Network configuration and interfaces
1. windows : "ipconfig" or "ipconfig /all"
2. Linux: "ifconfig" or "ifconfig interface-name"

• Show all running Tasks/Applications
1. windows : "tasklist" 
2. Linux: "ps aux" or "top" (Top is used to show memory and CPU used by running process)

• Kill a task
1. windows : "taskkill -pid 4000" or "taskkill -im iexplore.exe" ( Here -im is for image name)
2. Linux: "kill -9 pid"

• Displays the active TCP connections and ports on which the computer is listening
1. windows : "netstat -a"
2. Linux: "netstat -an"

• Diagnose the Domain Name System (DNS) : Resolves a hostname to IP address
1. windows : "nslookup google.com" 
2. Linux: "dig google.com"

• Ping : tool used to test whether a particular host is reachable or not.
1. windows/Linux IPv4 : "ping 74.125.236.73"
2. Windows/Linux IPv6: "ping6 9901::1"

• Path Ping : To see all the routers present in path to Destination
1. windows : "pathping google.com" 
2. Linux: "tracepath google.com"

• Assign IP/Subnet to Linux interfaces

1. Linux - IPv4 : "ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0"
2. or Linux - IPv4 : "ifconfig eth0 2.2.2.2/24"
3. Linux - IPv6 : "ifconfig eth1 inet6 add 9901::2/64 "

• Delete IP from Linux interfaces
1. Linux - IPv4 : "ifconfig eth1 del 2.2.2.3 netmask 255.255.255.0"
2. Linux - IPv6 : "ifconfig eth1 inet6 del 9901::2/64"

• Change MTU(Maximum Transmit Unit through an Interface) of Linux interfaces
1. Linux : "ifconfig interface_name mtu value"
2. Linux : "ifconfig eth1 mtu 1300"

• Print routing tables
1. windows : "netstat -r" or "route print"
2. Linux- IPv4: "route -A inet" or "route -4" or "ip route"
3. Linux -IPv6: "route -A inet6" or "route -6" or "ip -6 route"

• Add/Delete static routes
1. windows- IPv4 : "route add 10.10.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.12"
2. Windows - IPv6 : "netsh interface ipv6 add route 9901::/64 "Local Area Connection" 2001::1"
3. Linux-IP4: "route add -net 3.3.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 1.1.1.1"
4. Linux-IP4: "ip route add 3.3.3.0/24 via 1.1.1.1"
5. Linux-IP6: "route -A inet6 add 9901::/64 gw 2001:0db8:0:f101::1"
6. Linux-IP6: "ip -6 route add 9901::/64 via 2001:0db8:0:f101::1"

• Trace route : to diagnostic tool for displaying the route
1. windows : "tracert google.com"
2. Linux: "traceroute google.com"

• Secure Shell :SSH is a network protocol for secure data communication and remote command execution

1. SSH-IPv4 : "ssh username@IPv4_address" Ex: ssh root@74.125.236.73 then it will ask you for password.
2. SSH-IPv6: "ssh username@IPv6_address"  Ex : ssh username@9901::1.

• Secure FTP : SFTP is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management functionalities over any reliable data stream.
1. SFTP-IPv4 : "sftp username@IPv4_address". Ex: sftp root@74.125.236.73
2. Linux: "sftp username@[IPv6_address]". Ex:  sftp username@[9901::15]
• Secure Copy or SCP : Secure copy or SCP is a means of securely transferring computer files between a local host and a remote host or between two remote hosts. It is based on the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol.

1. SCP Linux : scp  username@IP:/Dir/File_name /local_dir
2. Ex:     scp  root@10.217.208.40:/root/roy.txt .
3. SCP windows : For windows you can use, WinSCP. Its a GUI based tool.